This Environmental Product Declaration covers the precast concrete elements for sewerage systems product ranges manufactured by LEIER ROM S.R.L. exclusively within its designated production plant situated in Dumbrava Village, Unirea Commune, Alba county. The scope of this EPD encompasses the following specific product lines manufactured at the indicated facility: - precast concrete pipes with tongue-and-groove joints (including circular pipes with sleeve configurations, pipes with integrated rubber seals, and configurations with integrated foot and sleeve) , - monolithic manhole base units (with or without concrete flow channels) , - intermediate straight manhole shafts , cone reducers (with and without access steps), - concrete and reinforced concrete cover slabs , These concrete elements are engineered for specialized infrastructure and underground wastewater management configurations, operating as permanent elements of subterranean gravitational sewer networks under open surface water-flow conditions. They are structurally optimized for the collection, retention, and transport of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and surface stormwater runoff , safely spanning heavy-load configurations under public roads or railways subject to high earth pressure and dynamic traffic stress. The Leier sewerage product line is defined by a high-density, low-porosity engineered concrete matrix. As the core concrete mix, manufacturing methodology, and essential raw materials are identical across the production matrix for all covered pipes, manholes, and structural elements—regardless of the specific nominal diameter (ranging from DN 300 up to DN 1000 for standard circular units ) , structural depths, or custom connection angles —the environmental impact results are presented for 1 tonne (1,000 kg) of finished product. This declared unit provides a precise and scalable environmental assessment for any infrastructural layout or pipeline layout within the covered sewerage range. Product Reference Standard Concrete pipes EN 1916:2003 EN 1916:2003/AC:2004 EN 1916:2003/AC:2007 EN 1916:2003/AC:2008 Manholes & chambers EN 1917:2003 EN 1917:2003/AC:2004 EN 1917:2003/AC:2007 EN 1917:2003/AC:2008 Construction and Materials Leier precast concrete sewerage elements are engineered using specialized, optimized concrete recipes to establish a highly durable, high-performance structural configuration: - the structural elements are manufactured from high-performance cements and dense natural aggregates. Depending on the specific configuration and product type within the range, some elements (such as manholes) include integrated components like high-durability steps (composed of a steel core encased in a plastic protective layer) and structural synthetic macro-fibres (Concrix) for dispersed reinforcement, ensuring high mechanical strength and active mineral protection against aggressive biogenic chemical environments. - High-performance elastomeric sealing system: designed with integrated or factory-fitted rubber gaskets conforming to EN 1610 standards, featuring advanced multi-chamber cross-sections and factory-applied lubrication to secure immediate, long-term hydrostatic joint tightness. Manufacturing and Sustainability Waste management at the manufacturing facility follows a closed-loop approach for concrete production waste. Concrete production rejects and off-specification units, representing approximately 3% of production volume, are crushed and reintegrated as recycled aggregate in road subbase applications or as fill material, in compliance with Romanian waste management regulations. This water is collected and transferred to a No concrete production waste is directed to landfill. Product benefits - Environmental & subterranean protection: the hydrostatic sealing performance of the joints prevents hazardous wastewater exfiltration, protecting surrounding soils and underground water reserves from ecological or microbiological contamination. - Treatment plant hydraulic optimization: by preventing clean groundwater infiltration into the utility pipeline network through high-precision elastomeric seals, Leier elements eliminate unnecessary hydraulic surges at municipal wastewater treatment facilities, minimizing public treatment costs and energy consumption. - Inherent corrosion & abrasion resistance: the dense, mineral-stabilized layout provides high resistance to internal pipeline abrasion caused by suspended crystalline sediment grit - Precision engineering & instant structural duty: fabricated to controlled factory tolerances with tongue-and-groove alignments, these precast units facilitate quick underground installation, ensuring a uniform grade, perfect hydraulic seal and immediate traffic-bearing structural readiness without on-site concrete curing delays. By providing certified data calculated per tonne for the products manufactured at the Unirea plant, Leier enables utility engineers, public developers, and green infrastructure assessors to accurately compute the environmental footprint of customized civil engineering layouts to fulfill LEED, BREEAM, or other international sustainability certification requirements. Finished pipeline and manhole components are securely loaded and dispatched directly from the Unirea regional manufacturing matrix using specialized heavy transport configurations, ensuring safe on-site mechanical unloading and structural integrity at infrastructure project delivery zones